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MLA citation style

Updates from the new edition

  • MLA no longer requires underlining. Titles, such as book and periodical titles, are now italicized rather than underlined.
  • URLs are no longer required in citations. Due to the changeable nature of the URLs, MLA recommends that writers only include a web address if the audience is unlikely to find the source otherwise.
  • Abbreviations: Many sources do not have a date, publisher or pagination. MLA advises, where applicable, to write n. pag. for those sources without page numbers, n.d. for no date, and N.p. if name of the publisher is omitted.
  • All entries in a reference list, whether they are print or electronic, must now include the medium in which they have been published (Print, Web, DVD, Television, etc.).
page last updated on: Tuesday 20 October 2009

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